Type ratings
What a type rating is, which aircraft require one, and how pilots get type-rated.
A type rating is an endorsement on your certificate authorizing you to act as pilot of a specific aircraft type. It's required for:
- Large aircraft — those with a maximum takeoff weight over 12,500 lb; and
- Turbojet-powered aircraft — any jet, regardless of weight.
Light pistons and most turboprops don't need one; every airliner and business jet does.
How pilots get type-rated:
- Airline/employer-provided — the norm and the most desirable: your employer trains and type-rates you on their fleet as part of new-hire training, often combined with the ATP checkride. Sometimes covered by a training bond.
- Self-funded at a training center to be more competitive (more common outside the U.S.).
What it involves: an extensive ground school, full-flight-simulator training on that type's systems and procedures, and a practical test (often to ATP standards). Many type ratings carry limitations until certain experience is gained (e.g. SIC-only, or a high-minimums first-officer period).
A type rating is a serious credential — and a financial commitment if self-funded. Understand who pays and any bond terms before signing.
*Reference and training only — verify current requirements with the FAA.*