US-FAA14 CFR 119.31
Applicability
Read the official ruleThis regulation introduces the subpart that establishes what operators need to do to get certified and operate under Part 121 (scheduled airlines and large aircraft operations) or Part 135 (commuter and on-demand operations). It tells you that the following sections will cover:
- The certification requirements you must meet to operate commercially
- What will be included in your operations specifications (OpSpecs)—the FAA-approved document that details exactly how your company is authorized to operate
- Other requirements specific to Part 121 or 135 operations
Think of this as the table of contents for the certification process. If you're planning to work for or start an airline, air taxi, or charter operation, this subpart outlines the regulatory framework you'll operate under. The actual detailed requirements follow in subsequent sections of Subpart C.
*This is a plain-English summary for study only. The official 14 CFR text on this page is controlling — always read the current regulation and consult a CFI.*
This is an original plain-English explanation for training and reference, not legal advice and not for navigation. Always rely on the current official rule linked above. Last reviewed June 20, 2026.