Training program: Special rules

This regulation controls who can provide training for Part 121 air carriers (airlines). An airline can only outsource its required training, testing, and checking to two types of organizations: other Part 121 airlines or Part 142 training centers.

If an airline contracts with a Part 142 training center, that center must meet four conditions:

• Hold proper Part 142 training specifications
• Have facilities, equipment, and courseware meeting Part 142 standards
• Have FAA-approved curriculums applicable to the airline's training needs
• Have enough qualified instructors and check airmen meeting Part 121 requirements

In practice, this means airlines cannot use just any flight school or training provider for their crew training. They must either train in-house or use specifically certified training organizations that meet rigorous standards. This ensures consistent, high-quality training across the airline industry, whether conducted by the airline itself or an approved outside provider.

*This is a plain-English summary for study only. The official 14 CFR text on this page is controlling — always read the current regulation and consult a CFI.*