Emergencies: Domestic and flag operations

This regulation grants emergency authority to pilots in command and dispatchers during Part 121 operations (scheduled airlines). When an emergency requires immediate action, the pilot in command may deviate from any procedures, weather minimums, or FARs as necessary for safety—the pilot has final authority to do whatever the situation demands.

If a dispatcher becomes aware of an in-flight emergency, they must notify the pilot, determine the pilot's decision, and document it. If unable to contact the pilot, the dispatcher may declare an emergency and take necessary action independently.

Both the pilot and dispatcher must keep ATC and dispatch centers informed throughout the emergency. Afterward, whoever declared the emergency must file a written report through the operations manager to the FAA—dispatchers within 10 days of the emergency, pilots within 10 days of returning to home base.

This regulation provides legal protection for necessary emergency actions while ensuring proper documentation and oversight.

*This is a plain-English summary for study only. The official 14 CFR text on this page is controlling — always read the current regulation and consult a CFI.*