VFR flight planning

This regulation establishes flight planning and terrain clearance requirements for Part 135 VFR operations (typically helicopter air ambulance and similar services).

Before flight, the pilot in command must determine a minimum safe cruise altitude by evaluating terrain and obstacles along the route, identify and document the highest obstacle, and ensure the weather forecast meets VFR minimums at the planned altitude.

During flight, all terrain and obstacles must be cleared vertically by at least 300 feet during day operations or 500 feet at night. These are minimum clearances—pilots should use greater margins when practical.

If the pilot deviates from the planned route for weather or operational reasons, all terrain clearance and weather requirements still apply. Any route changes made while on the ground at an intermediate stop require a complete new evaluation as if planning a fresh flight.

The certificate holder must document these procedures in its operations manual.

*This is a plain-English summary for study only. The official 14 CFR text on this page is controlling — always read the current regulation and consult a CFI.*