Private pilot privileges and limitations: Second in command of aircraft requiring more than one pilot

This regulation prohibits private pilots from acting as second in command (SIC) of aircraft requiring more than one pilot when compensation or hire is involved.

As a private pilot, you cannot be paid to serve as SIC in multi-pilot aircraft, nor can you serve as SIC (even unpaid) when the aircraft itself is being operated for compensation or hire—such as carrying paying passengers or cargo.

The key restriction is the combination of private pilot privileges with commercial operations in crew aircraft. Since private pilots cannot act as pilot in command for compensation or hire under §61.113, this regulation extends that limitation to the SIC role in aircraft type certificated for multiple crew members.

In practice, this means private pilots are excluded from serving as copilots in commercial operations or charter flights, even if they hold the appropriate ratings for the aircraft. You would need at least a commercial pilot certificate to act as SIC in these situations.

*This is a plain-English summary for study only. The official 14 CFR text on this page is controlling — always read the current regulation and consult a CFI.*