Practical tests: General procedures

This regulation establishes the ground rules for FAA practical tests (checkrides). To pass, you must complete all required tasks from the appropriate Airman Certification Standards, demonstrate mastery of the aircraft, perform within standards, and show sound judgment.

The crew complement requirement depends on the aircraft's documentation. If the flight manual or type certificate requires a single pilot, you must demonstrate single-pilot proficiency. If the aircraft can be flown single-pilot or with a copilot, you may choose—but using a copilot results in a "Second in Command Required" limitation on your certificate until you retest single-pilot.

Failing any area of operation means failing the entire test. However, if a test is discontinued (due to weather, safety concerns, or failure), you receive credit for passed areas if you complete the remaining portions within 60 days, present the discontinuance paperwork, complete any required additional training, and submit a proper application.

For airline transport pilot tests in type-rated aircraft, the practical test includes the same content as a type rating checkride.

*This is a plain-English summary for study only. The official 14 CFR text on this page is controlling — always read the current regulation and consult a CFI.*