Applicability

This regulation defines where and to whom Part 91 rules apply. Part 91 generally governs aircraft operations within the United States and its coastal waters out to 3 nautical miles. Between 3 and 12 nautical miles offshore, only specific Part 91 sections apply (mostly basic safety rules, equipment requirements, and airspace regulations).

The rules apply to everyone aboard an aircraft operating under Part 91, and they establish operator responsibilities for maintaining aircraft airworthiness. However, Part 91 doesn't apply to ultralights (Part 103), certain unmanned balloons and rockets (Part 101), or most drone operations (Part 107), though some Part 107 operations must follow certain Part 91 rules.

In practical terms, this regulation tells you that if you're flying a standard aircraft in U.S. airspace, Part 91 is your rulebook. If you're operating specialized aircraft like ultralights or drones, different regulations apply.

*This is a plain-English summary for study only. The official 14 CFR text on this page is controlling — always read the current regulation and consult a CFI.*