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The Pilots Desk
US-FAA14 CFR 91.1053

Crewmember experience

Read the official rule

This regulation sets minimum experience and certification requirements for pilots and flight attendants operating under fractional ownership programs (subpart K).

Pilots must have:

  • Pilot in command: 1,500 total flight hours
  • Second in command: 500 total flight hours

For multi-engine turbine aircraft: The PIC needs an ATP certificate with appropriate type ratings (not VFR-limited), while the SIC needs a commercial certificate with instrument rating.

For other aircraft: Both PIC and SIC need commercial certificates with instrument ratings.

Flight attendants, when required or used, must be appropriately trained.

The FAA can waive the flight time minimums if a Flight Standards office determines the crewmember has comparable experience and can perform effectively. Such waivers consider the operation's size, personnel qualifications, and specific circumstances, but can be terminated at any time.

*This is a plain-English summary for study only. The official 14 CFR text on this page is controlling — always read the current regulation and consult a CFI.*

This is an original plain-English explanation for training and reference, not legal advice and not for navigation. Always rely on the current official rule linked above. Last reviewed June 20, 2026.