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The Pilots Desk
US-FAA14 CFR 91.1055

Pilot operating limitations and pairing requirement

Read the official rule

This regulation sets experience requirements and operational restrictions for fractional ownership program flights under Part 91 Subpart K.

When a second-in-command has fewer than 100 hours in the specific aircraft make/model/type, the pilot-in-command must personally handle all takeoffs and landings if certain conditions exist. These include: destination airports requiring special analysis, visibility below 3/4 mile, RVR below 4,000 feet, contaminated runways, braking action less than "good," crosswinds exceeding 15 knots, reported windshear, or any situation the PIC deems prudent.

Additionally, every program flight must have either the PIC or SIC with at least 75 hours in that aircraft make/model/type (though the FAA may grant exceptions for new programs, new aircraft types, or new bases).

Finally, no PIC may be assigned to more than two different aircraft types requiring separate type ratings within the program.

*This is a plain-English summary for study only. The official 14 CFR text on this page is controlling — always read the current regulation and consult a CFI.*

This is an original plain-English explanation for training and reference, not legal advice and not for navigation. Always rely on the current official rule linked above. Last reviewed June 20, 2026.