US-FAA14 CFR 91.177
Minimum altitudes for IFR operations
Read the official ruleIn plain English
Except for takeoff/landing, IFR minimum altitudes are the highest of the published minimum (MEA/MOCA) or, where none is published, 1,000 ft above the highest obstacle within 4 NM (2,000 ft in designated mountainous terrain) of your course.
Key points
- Fly the published MEA (or MOCA within range for nav reception).
- Off-route: 1,000 ft (2,000 ft mountainous) above obstacles within 4 NM.
- Always at least the published minimum for the segment.
Common pitfalls
- Descending below MEA/MOCA where it isn’t authorized.
*This is a plain-English summary for study only. The official 14 CFR text on this page is controlling — always read the current regulation.*
This is an original plain-English explanation for training and reference, not legal advice and not for navigation. Always rely on the current official rule linked above. Last reviewed June 8, 2026.